IGCSE Physics: Space Physics

Space physics is the newest topic on the Cambridge 0625 syllabus and often the most under-revised. The questions are short but unforgiving on terminology — "redshift", "galaxy", "cosmic microwave background" must be used correctly. Cover the script once and you have easy marks.

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What you need to master

  • 1The solar system: planets, moons, asteroids and comets.
  • 2Gravitational force and circular orbits.
  • 3Stellar life cycle: from nebula to white dwarf / neutron star / black hole.
  • 4Galaxies and the structure of the Universe.
  • 5Redshift of distant galaxies and Hubble's law.
  • 6The Big Bang model and the cosmic microwave background.

Key formulas

v = Hd (Hubble's law)
F = GmM/r² (gravitational force)

Examiner tips

  • For orbits: "the planet's speed is constant but its velocity changes because direction changes, so it accelerates" — memorise this sentence.
  • Redshift = longer wavelength = moving away; greater redshift = faster recession = further away.
  • Always link the cosmic microwave background to the Big Bang explicitly.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Saying the Sun "orbits" the galactic centre without mentioning gravity as the cause.
  • Claiming redshift proves the Big Bang directly — it shows expansion; the CMB is the strongest Big Bang evidence.
  • Confusing the solar system with the galaxy.
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